Scalability and Code Organization Questions

Focuses on designing software and codebases that remain maintainable and performant as features and user load grow. Areas include modularity and separation of concerns, component and API boundaries, when and how to refactor, trade offs between monolith and service oriented architectures, data partitioning and caching strategies, performance optimization, testing strategies, dependency management, code review practices, and patterns for maintainability and evolvability. Interview questions may ask candidates to reason about design choices, identify coupling and cohesion issues, and propose practical steps to evolve an existing codebase safely.

EasyTechnical

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Explain the concept of a 'bounded context' from Domain-Driven Design. Give an example of how identifying bounded contexts can guide service decomposition in an e-commerce system, and describe one technique to discover boundaries in an existing codebase.

HardSystem Design

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Design a deployment and API/schema versioning strategy that allows you to make backward-compatible schema and API changes across microservices with many consumers. Include rolling upgrade patterns, consumer-driven contracts, feature flags, and database migration patterns (online, expand-contract-shrink).

HardTechnical

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You are evaluating whether to migrate a product from a modular monolith to microservices for expected scale growth to 1B monthly users. Present a decision framework: operational costs, team topology, data ownership, deployment complexity, latency/throughput considerations, and a migration timeline with safety checks. Include scenarios where staying monolithic is better.

EasyBehavioral

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Tell me about a time you were the primary engineer driving a significant refactor or modularization. Use the STAR format: describe the Situation, your Task, the Actions you took (technical decisions, tests, rollout), and the Result (metrics, risk reduction, team impact). Highlight how you minimized regression risk during deployment.

EasyTechnical

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Design a minimal API contract for a 'User Profile' microservice that includes endpoints for: create profile, get profile, update profile, and search profiles. For each endpoint include method, path, query/body parameters, expected status codes, and an example JSON response. Explain how your contract minimizes coupling to clients and supports future extensions.

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