Backup and Recovery Fundamentals Questions

Core principles and techniques for protecting, storing, and restoring data. Topics include backup models and types such as full, incremental, and differential backups; snapshotting and replication approaches; transaction log management and write ahead logging for databases; point in time recovery and continuous log based recovery; trade offs between Recovery Time Objective and Recovery Point Objective and how business requirements drive those trade offs; backup storage architectures for file systems and databases including local, off site, and geo redundant storage; backup scheduling, retention lifecycle and policy governance including encryption and compliance; and verification and integrity checks to ensure backups are restorable. Candidates should be able to describe step by step restore procedures, validation and testing techniques, common failure scenarios, and decision trade offs when choosing backup approaches for different application types.