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Cloud Architecture Fundamentals Questions

Fundamental concepts and design patterns for cloud based systems and services. Topics include core service categories such as compute, storage, networking and databases, virtual machines and containers, serverless computing, managed services, and infrastructure as code. Understand deployment and service models including infrastructure as a service, platform as a service, and software as a service. Evaluate architectural patterns including monolithic, microservices, and serverless approaches, and how they influence scalability, availability, reliability, performance, security, and cost. For more senior roles include distributed systems concepts, consistency and partitioning models, trade off analysis, fault isolation, observability and operational practices in cloud native design.

MediumSystem Design
27 practiced
Design secure, low-latency connectivity between on-premises data centers and a public cloud region for DR purposes. Compare IPsec VPN, dedicated connections (e.g., Direct Connect/ExpressRoute), transit gateway architectures, BGP routing, and include failover, monitoring, and cost considerations.
HardSystem Design
25 practiced
Design a multi-region global API platform to serve 100 million monthly active users with a target median latency under 100ms and availability of 99.995%. Cover traffic routing (DNS, Anycast, edge), data placement and replication, write locality, eventual vs strong consistency, failover strategy, and data sovereignty considerations.
MediumTechnical
23 practiced
Design a partitioning (sharding) strategy for a user profile service expected to grow to 100 million users and handle 10k reads/sec. Compare sharding by user-id hash versus by geographic region range, discuss re-sharding and routing, and propose measures to mitigate hotspots and ensure even load distribution.
EasyTechnical
25 practiced
Explain the difference between SLI, SLO, and SLA. Provide a concrete example SLO for an authentication service (for example, 99.95% successful login within 300ms per month) and explain how Solutions Architects use SLOs when proposing architectural options.
MediumTechnical
24 practiced
Compare active-passive and active-active multi-region database architectures for a global application. Discuss their effects on RPO/RTO, conflict resolution on writes, replication lag, read locality, operational complexity, and when one approach is preferable over the other.

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