Security and Privacy in Product and Program Design Questions

How to integrate security and privacy into product and program planning. Includes mapping data flows through systems, identifying where personally identifiable information is created and stored, applying privacy by design principles such as data minimization and lifecycle management, specifying compliance requirements like GDPR or industry specific regulations, and planning access controls and auditability. Also covers how security and privacy requirements constrain scope, timelines, resourcing, and cross functional collaboration and when to escalate to specialist teams.

HardSystem Design

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Design a privacy-preserving machine learning pipeline for personalization: compare federated learning, central training with differential privacy, and on-device models with feature hashing. For each approach describe data collection, model update mechanism, validation, deployment, and how to demonstrate privacy compliance to an auditor.

EasyTechnical

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Explain privacy-by-design principles and provide three concrete, practical examples of how a software engineer can apply at least three of these principles when designing a feature that collects user location and contact data. For each example, describe the small code-level or architecture change you would implement and the expected privacy benefit.

EasyTechnical

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Describe the difference between authentication and authorization. Provide three common engineering mistakes when implementing access control in microservices (for example: trusting client-side checks, not scoping tokens, or inconsistent policy enforcement) and give a short mitigation for each mistake.

MediumSystem Design

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Design a role-based access control (RBAC) model for a microservices architecture where both humans and services call internal APIs. Specify how roles, permissions, and scopes are encoded into tokens, how tokens are minted and validated, and strategies for temporary elevated access and emergency revocation. Discuss caching token decisions and consistency concerns.

MediumTechnical

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You must integrate a third-party analytics SDK into a mobile app while minimizing leakage of PII. Describe engineering controls (event filtering, proxying through your backend, conditional initialization), testing and monitoring controls, and contractual/configuration approaches to reduce risk. Explain how you'd monitor the SDK's network behavior post-release.

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