Advanced Routing and Traffic Engineering Questions

Advanced routing protocols, algorithms, and real world deployment practices for large scale and multi domain networks. Topics include deep Border Gateway Protocol knowledge such as path selection, attribute handling including weight, local preference, AS path manipulation, multi exit discriminators, communities, route filtering, route aggregation, and mitigation of route hijacking. Also covers advanced aspects of interior protocols such as Open Shortest Path First and IS IS including area design, adjacency and LSA or link state behavior, convergence optimization, and comparison of link state versus other approaches. Traffic engineering topics include load balancing, multi path routing, MPLS fundamentals and label switching, segment routing principles, and using routing and BGP for traffic engineering across internet exchanges and multi carrier environments. Practical skills include designing redundancy, scaling routing control planes, route policy design, and troubleshooting complex inter domain routing behaviors.