Access Control Lists and Firewalls Questions

Covers fundamental concepts and configuration techniques for network access control lists and basic firewall behavior. Topics include what access control lists are and why they are used for security, permit and deny rule semantics, differences between standard and extended access control lists, rule ordering and sequence numbers, directionality of rules such as inbound and outbound placement on interfaces, matching on source and destination addresses and ports, wildcard mask usage and pattern matching, and basic syntax for writing simple rules. Also includes basic firewall concepts such as packet filtering, stateful inspection, how firewalls relate to access control lists, rule evaluation order, and common troubleshooting and verification methods. Candidates should be able to design and write simple rules to allow or deny traffic based on address, protocol, or port, explain when to use an access control list versus a firewall policy, and describe how to test and debug rule behavior.