Accessibility and Inclusive Design Questions

Design and development practices that ensure digital products are perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust for people with diverse abilities, assistive technologies, and usage contexts. Candidates should demonstrate knowledge of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines and conformance levels such as A, AA, and AAA and be able to explain how to apply those guidelines in product work. Core technical topics include using semantic Hypertext Markup Language structure and accessible component patterns, prudent use of Accessible Rich Internet Applications roles properties and states only when native semantics are insufficient, and progressive enhancement to preserve accessibility. Interaction topics include keyboard navigation and comprehensive focus management, logical tab order, visible focus indicators, touch target sizing, and mobile accessibility. Visual topics include color contrast, readable typographic scales, and accommodation for color blindness and low vision. Content topics include alternative text and descriptive labels for images and media, accessible form controls with labels and clear error messaging, and plain accessible language. Motion and animation considerations include providing controls to reduce or disable motion for vestibular sensitivities. Testing and validation cover automated auditing tools, manual accessibility audits, keyboard only testing, assistive technology testing such as screen reader and magnifier testing, and usability testing with people with disabilities. Candidates should be prepared to discuss specific accessibility decisions and trade offs they made, testing strategies and metrics, monitoring and preventing regressions, and how accessibility is integrated into design systems team workflows and the product lifecycle through documented patterns acceptance criteria and advocacy.