Real Time and Batch Metrics Questions

Covers the differences between real time metrics that are updated continuously and batch metrics that are computed on periodic schedules. Candidates should be able to explain when each approach is appropriate for product, acquisition, retention, and operational use cases; describe freshness and latency requirements for dashboards, alerts, and automated decision systems; discuss trade offs including cost, computational resources, data accuracy, aggregation windowing, event time versus processing time, and approximation techniques for lower cost updates. Also include operational concerns such as monitoring metric drift, backfilling and recomputation strategies, consistency of computed metrics across environments, and hybrid patterns that combine near real time signals with daily or weekly aggregates.