Hardware and Software Co Design Questions

Designing embedded and tightly coupled systems where hardware and software are developed together and influence each other. Candidates should demonstrate understanding of microcontroller and system-on-chip architecture, memory and peripheral constraints, interrupt and direct memory access behavior, power and clock management, and how those hardware characteristics shape firmware architecture and software trade offs. Coverage includes interface definition between hardware and firmware, selecting processors and peripherals based on software requirements, prototyping and iteration strategies, handling hardware revisions and product SKU differences in firmware, and organizing firmware for maintainability and scalability.