Cryptographic Standards and Compliance Questions

Covers standards, certification processes, and regulatory constraints that affect cryptographic module design and deployment. Candidates should understand the goals and high level requirements of standards such as Federal Information Processing Standard 140 dash 2, the concept of security levels and validated cryptographic modules, and the operational implications of certification. Discussion may include self test requirements, life cycle and maintenance obligations, trade offs between using validated libraries and rapid innovation, migration strategies when standards evolve, and how compliance influences algorithm choice and key management policies.