Vectorized Computation with NumPy and Pandas Questions

Proficiency writing efficient data manipulation code using vectorized operations and array based libraries. Topics include broadcasting rules, multi dimensional array shapes, efficient use of Python libraries such as NumPy and Pandas, avoiding slow elementwise loops, handling sparse data and memory constraints, chunking and out of core processing strategies, and debugging shape mismatches and type issues. Candidates should be able to profile and optimize data pipelines and select the right abstractions for performance and clarity.